Adobe Photoshop CS6 for Photographers
A professional image editor's guide to the creative use of Photoshop for the Macintosh and PC

#777
Год: 2012
Автор: Martin Evening
Жанр: CG Photoshop
Издательство: Focal Press
ISBN: 978-0-240-52604-1
Язык: Английский
Формат: PDF
Качество: Изначально компьютерное (eBook)
Интерактивное оглавление: Да
Количество страниц: 769
Описание: Renowned Photographer and Photoshop hall-of-famer, Martin Evening returns with his comprehensive guide to Photoshop. This acclaimed work covers everything from the core aspects of working in Photoshop to advanced techniques for refined workflows and professional results. Using concise advice, clear instruction and real world examples, this essential guide will give you the skills, regardless of your experience, to create professional quality results. A robust accompanying website features sample images, tutorial videos, bonus chapters and a plethora of extra resources. Quite simply, this is the essential reference for photographers of all levels using Photoshop.



[spoiler="Оглавление"]

Introduction........................................................................................................................XIX
What’s different in this book ........................................................................................XXI
Accessing the on-line content ....................................................................................XXII
1 Photoshop fundamentals 1
Photoshop installation .......................................................................................................... 2
The Photoshop interface ........................................................................................................ 3
Creating a new document ............................................................................................... 5
User interface brightness ............................................................................................... 6
Tabbed document windows .......................................................................................... 10
Managing document windows ..................................................................................... 12
Synchronized scroll and zoom .............................................................................. 13
Image document window details .................................................................................. 14
Title bar proxy icons (Mac only) ........................................................................... 16
Info panel status information ................................................................................. 16
Rulers, Guides & Grid .................................................................................................. 17
‘Snap to’ behavior ........................................................................................................ 18
Pixel Grid view ............................................................................................................. 18
The Photoshop panels.................................................................................................. 19
Panel arrangements and docking .......................................................................... 20
Panel positions remembered in workspaces ......................................................... 21
Customizing the menu options ............................................................................ 22
Customizing the keyboard shortcuts ..................................................................... 23
Task-based workspaces ............................................................................................... 24
Working with a dual display setup ........................................................................ 26
Adobe™ Confi gurator 3 application ............................................................................. 27
Photoshop CS6 Tools panel ................................................................................................ 28
Options bar .................................................................................................................. 30
Tool Presets ................................................................................................................. 30
Selection tools .................................................................................................................... 32
Color Range ................................................................................................................. 34
Modifi er keys ............................................................................................................... 36
Painting tools ...................................................................................................................... 38
On-the-fl y brush changes ............................................................................................. 39
On-screen brush adjustments ............................................................................... 40
Brush panel .................................................................................................................. 41
Brush panel options ............................................................................................. 42
Pressure sensitive control ............................................................................................ 42
Brush tool presets ........................................................................................................ 43
Mixer brush ................................................................................................................. 43
Bristle tip brush shapes ............................................................................................... 45
Tools for fi lling .................................................................................................................... 46
Tools for drawing ................................................................................................................ 47
Image editing tools .............................................................................................................. 48
Working with Layers............................................................................................................ 50
Automating Photoshop ........................................................................................................ 51
Move tool ..................................................................................................................... 52
Layer selection using the move tool ............................................................................. 52
Navigation and information tools ........................................................................................ 54
Zoom tool shortcuts ..................................................................................................... 54
Hand tool ..................................................................................................................... 55
Bird’s-eye view ............................................................................................................. 55
Flick panning ............................................................................................................... 56
Windows 7 Multi-touch support ................................................................................. 56
Eyedropper tool ............................................................................................................ 56
Ruler tool ..................................................................................................................... 56
Rotate view tool ............................................................................................................ 57
Notes tool .................................................................................................................... 58
Screen view modes ...................................................................................................... 59
Preset Manager ................................................................................................................... 60
History ................................................................................................................................ 61
The History panel ......................................................................................................... 61
History settings and memory usage ...................................................................... 62
History brush ............................................................................................................... 64
Use of history versus undo .......................................................................................... 64
Snapshots .................................................................................................................... 65
Non-linear history ........................................................................................................ 66
When fi les won’t open .................................................................................................. 67
Save often .................................................................................................................... 68
Background Saving ...................................................................................................... 69
Normal saves ........................................................................................................ 69
Using Save As… to save images .......................................................................... 70
File formats ......................................................................................................................... 71
Photoshop native fi le format......................................................................................... 71
Smart PSD fi les .................................................................................................... 71
Large Document (PSB) format ..................................................................................... 72
TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) .................................................................................. 72
Pixel order ............................................................................................................ 73
Byte order ............................................................................................................. 74
Save Image Pyramid ............................................................................................. 74
TIFF compression options .................................................................................... 74
Flattened TIFFs ..................................................................................................... 74
Photoshop PDF ............................................................................................................ 75
PDF security ......................................................................................................... 75
Adobe Bridge CS6 ............................................................................................................... 76
The Bridge interface ..................................................................................................... 78
Custom workspaces in Bridge............................................................................... 79
Opening fi les from Bridge ............................................................................................ 79
Mini Bridge .................................................................................................................. 81
What’s new in Camera Raw 7.0 .................................................................................... 82
Opening photos from Bridge via Camera Raw .............................................................. 83
Easter eggs.......................................................................................................................... 84
2 Configuring Photoshop 85
What you will need .............................................................................................................. 86
Macintosh .................................................................................................................... 86
Windows ...................................................................................................................... 86
The ideal computer setup .................................................................................................... 87
Choosing a display ...................................................................................................... 88
Video cards ........................................................................................................... 89
Display calibration and profi ling .................................................................................. 90
Calibration hardware ............................................................................................. 90
The calibration/profi ling procedure .............................................................................. 92
White point ........................................................................................................... 92
Gamma ................................................................................................................. 93
Luminance ............................................................................................................ 93
Device calibration and measurement ............................................................................ 94
The profi ling process ................................................................................................... 94
Do you want good color or just OK color? ............................................................ 96
Color management settings ......................................................................................... 97
Synchronizing the Color Settings .......................................................................... 98
Extras ........................................................................................................................... 99
Backing up your image data ......................................................................................... 99
Protecting the power supply ....................................................................................... 100
Photoshop preferences ...................................................................................................... 101
General preferences ................................................................................................... 101
Interface preferences .................................................................................................. 104
File Handling preferences .......................................................................................... 106
Camera Raw preferences .................................................................................... 107
TIFF and PSD options ......................................................................................... 109
Recent File list .................................................................................................... 110
Performance preferences ............................................................................................ 111
Memory usage .................................................................................................... 112
32-bit and 64-bit RAM limits .............................................................................. 113
History & Cache ........................................................................................................ 113
Scratch disks.............................................................................................................. 114
Scratch disk performance ........................................................................................... 115
Interface connection ............................................................................................ 116
Hard drive speed ................................................................................................. 116
RAID setups ............................................................................................................... 117
RAID 0 (striping) ................................................................................................. 117
RAID 1 (mirroring) .............................................................................................. 117
Internal RAID....................................................................................................... 118
External RAID ...................................................................................................... 118
Graphics Processor settings ............................................................................... 118
Cursors preferences ................................................................................................... 120
Transparency & Gamut ............................................................................................... 121
Color Picker gamut warning ................................................................................ 122
Units & Rulers............................................................................................................ 122
Guides, Grid & Slices ......................................................................................... 123
Plug-ins ..................................................................................................................... 125
Type preferences ........................................................................................................ 126
Ensuring the preferences are saved ............................................................................ 126
3 Camera Raw image processing 127
Camera Raw advantages .................................................................................................. 128
The new Camera Raw workfl ow .................................................................................. 128
Does the order matter? ........................................................................................ 130
Raw capture ........................................................................................................ 130
JPEG capture ...................................................................................................... 131
Editing JPEGs and TIFFs in Camera Raw ............................................................ 131
Alternative Raw processors ................................................................................. 132
A basic Camera Raw/Photoshop workfl ow ................................................................. 133
Camera Raw support .................................................................................................. 136
DNG compatibility ............................................................................................... 136
Getting raw images into Photoshop .................................................................................. 137
Image ingestion .......................................................................................................... 137
Importing images via Photo Downloader ............................................................ 138
Tethered shoot imports ....................................................................................... 143
Tethered shooting via Canon EOS Utility ............................................................. 144
Importing images via other programs ................................................................. 147
Import Images from Device (Mac only) ............................................................... 148
Basic Camera Raw image editing ..................................................................................... 150
Working with Bridge and Camera Raw ....................................................................... 150
General controls for single fi le opening ...................................................................... 152
Full size window view ......................................................................................... 154
General controls for multiple fi le opening .................................................................. 154
Opening raw fi les as Smart Objects ........................................................................... 156
Saving photos from Camera Raw ............................................................................... 160
The histogram display ................................................................................................ 161
Image browsing via Camera Raw ............................................................................... 162
Camera Raw preferences ............................................................................................ 164
Default Image Settings ........................................................................................ 165
Camera Raw cache .............................................................................................. 165
DNG file handling ............................................................................................... 165
JPEG and TIFF handling ..................................................................................... 166
Camera Raw cropping and straightening .................................................................... 167
How to straighten and crop ........................................................................................ 168
Basic panel controls .......................................................................................................... 170
White balance ............................................................................................................ 170
Using the white balance tool ............................................................................... 170
Process Versions ....................................................................................................... 172
The Process 2012 tone adjustment controls ............................................................. 174
Exposure ............................................................................................................. 174
Contrast .............................................................................................................. 175
Highlights and Shadows ..................................................................................... 176
Whites and Blacks ............................................................................................... 177
Suggested order for the Basic panel adjustments ................................................ 177
Preserving the highlight detail ................................................................................... 178
When to clip the highlights ........................................................................................ 180
How to clip the shadows ............................................................................................ 181
Shadow levels after a conversion ............................................................................... 182
Digital exposure .................................................................................................. 184
How Camera Raw interprets the raw data ............................................................ 185
Basic panel image adjustment procedure ................................................................... 186
Auto tone corrections ................................................................................................. 189
Camera-specifi c default settings ......................................................................... 189
Clarity ........................................................................................................................ 191
Negative clarity .................................................................................................... 192
Vibrance and Saturation ............................................................................................. 194
Tone Curve panel ....................................................................................................... 196
Point Curve editor mode ..................................................................................... 198
RGB Curves ........................................................................................................ 198
Correcting a high contrast image ............................................................................... 200
HSL/Grayscale panel .................................................................................................. 202
Recovering out-of-gamut colors .......................................................................... 203
Adjusting the hue and saturation ......................................................................... 204
Lens Corrections panel .............................................................................................. 206
Perspective corrections ....................................................................................... 206
Lens Vignetting control ....................................................................................... 206
Defringe .............................................................................................................. 209
Automatic lens corrections .................................................................................. 209
Accessing and creating custom lens profi les ...................................................... 210
Chromatic aberrations......................................................................................... 212
Effects panel ............................................................................................................... 216
Post Crop Vignetting control ............................................................................... 216
Post Crop Vignette style options ......................................................................... 218
Highlights slider ................................................................................................. 220
Adding Grain effects............................................................................................ 222
Camera Calibration panel ........................................................................................... 224
New Camera Raw profi les .................................................................................. 224
Camera look settings profi les .............................................................................. 225
Custom camera profi le calibrations ............................................................................ 226
DNG Profi le Editor .............................................................................................. 228
Spot removal tool ....................................................................................................... 232
Synchronized spotting with Camera Raw ............................................................ 233
Red eye removal ......................................................................................................... 234
Localized adjustments ....................................................................................................... 235
Adjustment brush ....................................................................................................... 235
Initial Adjustment brush options ................................................................................ 236
Brush settings ..................................................................................................... 236
Adding a new brush effect .......................................................................................... 237
Editing brush adjustments ......................................................................................... 238
Previewing the brush stroke areas....................................................................... 238
Auto masking ...................................................................................................... 240
Darkening the shadows .............................................................................................. 242
Hand-coloring in Color mode .................................................................................... 244
Graduated fi lter tool ................................................................................................... 246
Color temperature adjustments ........................................................................... 249
Camera Raw settings menu ........................................................................................ 251
Export settings to XMP ....................................................................................... 252
Update DNG previews ......................................................................................... 252
Load Settings… Save Settings… ....................................................................... 252
Camera Raw defaults .......................................................................................... 253
Presets panel ............................................................................................................. 253
Saving and applying presets .............................................................................. 253
Copying and synchronizing settings ................................................................... 255
Synchronizing different process versions ................................................................... 256
Legacy presets ........................................................................................................... 256
Working with Snapshots ............................................................................................ 258
DNG file format ................................................................................................................. 260
The DNG solution....................................................................................................... 260
DNG compatibility ............................................................................................... 261
Saving images as DNG .............................................................................................. 262
Lossy DNG .......................................................................................................... 262
DNG Converter .......................................................................................................... 264
4 Sharpening and noise reduction 265
When to sharpen ............................................................................................................... 266
Why one-step sharpening is ineffective ...................................................................... 266
Capture sharpening .................................................................................................... 266
Capture sharpening for scanned images ............................................................. 267
Process versions ........................................................................................................ 268
Improvements to Camera Raw sharpening ................................................................. 268
Sample sharpening image .......................................................................................... 271
Detail panel ................................................................................................................ 271
Sharpening defaults ............................................................................................ 272
The sharpening effect sliders .............................................................................. 272
Amount slider ..................................................................................................... 273
Radius slider ....................................................................................................... 274
The suppression controls .................................................................................... 275
Detail slider ......................................................................................................... 275
Interpreting the grayscale previews ..................................................................... 277
Radius and Detail grayscale preview ................................................................... 277
Masking slider ........................................................................................................... 278
Masking slider example ..................................................................................... 279
Some real world sharpening examples....................................................................... 280
Sharpening portrait images ................................................................................. 280
Sharpening landscape images ............................................................................ 281
Sharpening a fi ne-detailed image ........................................................................ 282
How to save sharpening settings as presets ............................................................... 283
Capture sharpening roundup ..................................................................................... 284
Selective sharpening in Camera Raw ......................................................................... 285
Negative sharpening............................................................................................ 285
Extending the sharpening limits .......................................................................... 285
How to apply localized sharpening ...................................................................... 286
Negative sharpening to blur an image ................................................................. 288
Noise removal in Camera Raw ................................................................................... 290
Process Versions and noise reduction ................................................................ 290
Detail panel Noise Reduction sliders ................................................................... 292
Color noise ......................................................................................................... 293
Non-raw image noise reduction ................................................................................. 293
Adding grain to improve appearance of sharpness ............................................. 296
Localized noise reduction in Camera Raw ........................................................... 298
Localized moir